Scabies, Lice and Other Ectoparasites

Michael T. Parsons and Kimberly DeStefano

An ectoparasite is an organism that attaches to the outside of the body of the host and derives sustenance from the host. The definition has been extended to parasites that temporarily burrow into the superficial tissues of the host's body but continue communications with the environment. An infestation, rather than an infection as seen with endoparasites, is the result. Ectoparasites produce clinical problems both in the direct irritation they cause by tissue injury from the infestation and from diseases carried while acting as vectors. The primary pregnancy-related problem from ectoparasitic infestations is the medication-related side effects that potentially could be harmful to the embryo or fetus.